Lesi isihloko sokugcina ochungechungeni olunezingxenye ezintathu oluhlola izinkinga ezinkulu ngokushajwa kwezimoto zikagesi zomphakathi kanye nendlela yokuzixazulula (funda Ingxenye 1 kanye Nengxenye 2).I-Canary ibonga i-EnergyHub ngokusekela lolu chungechunge.
U-Erica Myers wayengakhuluma usuku lonke mayelana nezindinganiso zokushaja imoto kagesi.Phela lokho kungumsebenzi wakhe njengenhloko yezinhlangano ezihamba phambili emhlabeni ezizinikele ekuzikhangiseni.
Kodwa-ke, angathanda ukuchitha isikhathi esincane edingida isihloko sezindinganiso zokushaja izimoto zikagesi esibe sematheni muva nje: impikiswano ngokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwepulaki yokushaja imoto kagesi ekugcineni ezobusa imakethe yase-US eshaja ngokushesha.Impi iphakathi kwe-Tesla's North American Charging Standard (NACS) kanye nepulaki yesistimu yokushaja ehlanganisiwe esetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke ezinye izimoto zikagesi ezithengiswa ezweni-yize lokho kungase kushintshe maduzane njengoba abakhiqizi bezimoto abakhulu behlela ukuthuthela kuzixhumi ezihambisana ne-NACS esikhathini esizayo. .amamodeli emoto kagesi.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi amazinga epulaki yokushaja awabalulekile.Kude.Kodwa uMyers, umqondisi omkhulu weCharging Interface Initiative of North America (CharIN), enamalungu angaphezu kuka-330, unesinye isigidi kanye nodaba lwezindinganiso ezicindezelayo okufanele luxazululwe.
“Seqa izindinganiso zokuxhuma,” kusho yena. “<“无论是什么阻碍了充电方面良好的消费者体验，這都是我們集中时间和精力的地方. “<“无论是什么阻碍了充电方面良好的消费者体验，這都是我們集中时间和精力的地方.“Noma yini ephazamisa ukushaja kwabathengi yilapho sigxilisa khona isikhathi namandla ethu.Kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana kanye nokuthuthukisa amazinga nakho kuyingxenye yalokhu.“
Ezingxenyeni 1 no-2 zalolu chungechunge, sichaze kabanzi inkinga yengqalasizinda yokushaja ye-EV yomphakathi engathembekile ezweni.Siphinde sichaze ukuthi imizamo yemboni kanye kahulumeni yokuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa amakholi wokutshalwa kwezimali kwenhlangano enkulu kakhulu ekushajweni kwezimoto zikagesi emlandweni wase-US, kungase kuthinyazwe ukuntuleka kwedatha.
Lezi zinkinga zokuthembeka zibangelwa kakhulu ukushoda kokumiswa embonini yokushaja i-US EV.Abashayeli bezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi bavamise ukuthintwa iziteshi zokushaja ezingaxhumani ngempumelelo nesofthiwe yemoto yokuphatha ukushaja, noma izinkundla zokucubungula izinkokhelo ezingahambisani nohlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone abalandayo.
“Uma uvula igalaji likaphethiloli, uyazi ukuthi izosebenzela imoto yakho,” kusho uMyers. â�<“但是您对充电器的体验却不同。” â�<“但是您对充电器的体验却不同。”"Kodwa ulwazi lwakho ngeshaja luhlukile."
Ngokuyisisekelo, imboni ibhekene nenkinga enkulu yokuxhumana: ukuvumela amashaja e-EV enziwe abakhiqizi abahlukene, asetshenziswa abahlinzeki benethiwekhi abashajayo abahlukene, nokusebenzisa isofthiwe yezinkampani eziningi ezahlukene ukusebenza ngaphandle komthungo nezimoto ezakhiwe emhlabeni jikelele.UMHLABA - Khonamanjalo, kukhishwa izinhlobo ezintsha zezimoto zikagesi nezinguqulo zesofthiwe.
UMyers uthe abakhiqizi bezimoto abaqinisekisayo, abashaja izimoto zikagesi kanye nabahlinzeki abaningi behadiwe nesoftware ababasiza ukuthi balinganisele ukuthi ubuchwepheshe babo busebenza kanjani ndawonye kungaba yisisusa esibalulekile sokuguqukela ezimotweni zikagesi, kuvule indlela yezithiyo ezihambisana nezinkinga kusenesikhathi.kholwani.
I-Myers kanye ne-CharIN akuzona kuphela izinkampani ezifuna ukumisa ukuze zixazulule izinkinga zemboni.Futhi kusenhliziyweni yecebo likahulumeni wobumbano lokufaka izigidi zezimoto zikagesi emgwaqeni ekupheleni kwekhulunyaka.
NgoFebhuwari, abaphathi be-Biden bakhiphe imithetho yokuthi izikhungo zikahulumeni nabalingani bazo bezinkampani ezizimele bafune uxhaso ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-National Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (NEVI) olusungulwe yi-bipartisan Infrastructure Act ka-2021. amaphrojekthi okusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusekelwe kumazinga ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi angakwazi ukusiza bonke abashayeli bezimoto zikagesi namuhla nasesikhathini esizayo.
Le mithetho ingaholela ezinguqukweni ezibalulekile ohlelweni lokushaja lwe-EV oluhlukene lwase-US, kodwa kuphela uma izinkampani ezisembonini yokushaja i-EV zingakuphoqelela.
Izimpawu zezinkinga zokuma zikuyo yonke indawo emakethe yase-US EV.Njengoba izinto zimi, akulula ukuthola izimpendulo zemibuzo eyisisekelo: yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obungasebenza ndawonye?
UJohn Smart, uMqondisi weNational Charging Experience (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) Alliance (ChargeX) uMqondisi we-Alliance (ChargeX) uthe “akukho okuvuthiwe. isakhiwo phakathi kwamashaja nezimoto ukuze kwakhiwe futhi kwabelwane ngolwazi olujwayelekile lokuxilonga.”I-Alliance iwubambiswano oluphakathi komphakathi nezizimele oludalwe i-Federal Joint Energy and Transportation Administration ukuze ilawule uxhaso lukahulumeni lokushaja izimoto zikagesi.
"Isimo esikhona njengamanje ukuthi ishaja ngayinye kufanele ihlolwe kuyo yonke imoto ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iyahambisana yini - vele lokhu akunangozi," wengeza.
Lo mdwebo ovela ekushicilelweni kwe-ChargeX ubonisa inhlanganisela yamaphethini okuxhumana avamile nangajwayelekile phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi, amashaja ezimoto zikagesi, nezinkundla zesofthiwe yeseva ezisetshenziswa njengamanje embonini.Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ukubenza basebenze ndawonye ngokushelela.
Ingxenye yomsebenzi we-ChargeX ihlanganisa abenzi bezimoto, abakhiqizi beshaja, opharetha benethiwekhi abashaja umphakathi nabathuthukisi be-software nokufinyelela ukuvumelana ngokuthi ibuphi ubuchwepheshe obuzosetshenziswa ukuxazulula inkinga.Kepha le mizamo kumele inqobe ukuxega phakathi kwejubane lokusatshalaliswa kwehardware yesimanje nesoftware kanye nemizamo yokuvula izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe.
Ake sithathe i-Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) njengesibonelo.Kuyiphrothokholi yokuxhumana evulekile esetshenziswa kabanzi esekelwa i-Open Charging Alliance futhi isibe isifanekiso esiyinhloko sokushintshisana ngesikhathi sokusebenza kweshaja, idatha yezempilo nokusebenza phakathi kweziteshi zokushaja e-Europe naseNyakatho Melika kanye nezinhlelo ezingemuva ezizilawulayo.
Kodwa kuze kube muva nje, i-OCPP 1.6—inguqulo yezinga elivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu, eyakhululwa okokuqala ngo-2015—usenephutha elibucayi, kusho uJulian Offermann, oyi-CEO ye-S44, umhlinzeki wesofthiwe yokushaja ye-EV etholakala eNew Jersey.I-OCPP 1.6 ayinikezi u-opharetha wesistimu ngemenyu yamakhodi ephutha ukuze ibonise inkinga ethile ebangele ukuthi iseshini yokushaja ihluleke noma inqamule ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kodwa kunalokho iqukethe umlayezo wephutha kuphela.
"Ukuntuleka kolwazi mayelana nezingxenye zesiteshi sokushaja kwenza kube nzima," kusho u-Offerman. â�<“如果您对這些系统沒有清晰的监控，您就不知道出了什么问题。” â�<“如果您对這些系统沒有清晰的监控，您就不知道出了什么问题。”“Uma ungenalo ukuqapha okucacile kwalezi zinhlelo, awazi ukuthi konakelephi.”
I-ChargeX's Smart iyavuma ukuthi ikhodi yephutha eyodwa enikezwe i-OCPP 1.6 ifana “nekhadi lokuphuma ejele” labakhiqizi besistimu ye-toll kanye nabaqhubi benethiwekhi abalisebenzisayo.Umkhiqizi weshaja ngamunye wenze izindlela ezihlukene zokuthola amaphutha ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi, futhi ukuthola bonke abakhiqizi bavumelane ngendlela efanayo yokuguqula le milayezo yephutha yokugunyazwa ibe yifomethi evamile yokubika idatha kunzima.
U-Smart waphawula ukuthi inguqulo yakamuva yezinga, i-OCPP 2.0.1, yakhululwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-2020 ukuze kulungiswe le nkinga ngokufaka amakhodi amaphutha engeziwe, futhi izinga le-NEVI lidinga wonke amaphrojekthi asebenzisa amathuluzi awo ukuthi asebenzise leli zinga lakamuva. â�<“不过，充电站运营商在如何选择报告错说方面有很大的自由度，”他 â�<“不过，充电站运营商在如何选择报告错说方面有很大的自由度，”他“Kodwa-ke, abaphathi beziteshi ezishajayo banokubona okubanzi endleleni ababika ngayo amaphutha,” usho kanje.
Kodwa i-OCPP 2.0.1 “ayihambisani emuva” nezinguqulo ezindala, okudala inselele kuma-opharetha ashajayo abheke ukuthuthukisa amanethiwekhi akhona okushaja ukuze ayisebenzise.Lesi isibonelo sendlela ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe emhlabeni wangempela kwedlula ngokushesha ijubane lokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga asekelwe ekuvumelaneni.
Uhlelo lwe-NEVI lunikeza ithuba lezidingo zenhlangano ukuzama ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga ngamashaja azayo.NgoNovemba, i-ChargeX yashicilela uhlu lwamakhodi amaphutha amancane anconyiwe angama-26.
"Sikhuthaza zonke izinkampani ezishaja i-EV ukuthi zisebenzise le datha, okungenani, ukuze iqondwe kalula futhi ihunyushwe yibo bonke abathintekayo ekuboneni nasekuxazululeni inkinga," kusho uSmart.
Ukugunyazwa kwenkokhelo kuyiphuzu eliyinhloko lokwehluleka futhi kukhombisa ubunzima bokusebenzisa amazinga embonini yokushaja i-EV.Ekubuyekezeni amashaja ezimoto zikagesi zomphakathi endaweni yase-Los Angeles, intatheli ye-Wall Street Journal u-Joanna Stern yavakashela amashaja angaphezu kuka-120 futhi cishe amaphesenti ayishumi awo asebenza ngohlelo, kodwa ikhadi lakhe lesikweletu alizange lamukelwe.
U-S44′s Offermann uphawule ukuthi okungenani lezi ziteshi zizokwazi ukwamukela amakhadi esikweletu nawedebhithi.Ukuthunyelwa okuningi kwesiteshi sokuqala sokushaja se-EV embonini bekudinga ukuthi abashayeli baphathe ikhadi le-RFID eliqondene nomthengisi noma i-fob yokhiye ukuze bavule ukushaja, futhi abaningi opharetha beziteshi zokushaja basahlinzeka ngalawa masevisi.Kusukela cishe ngo-2010, iziteshi zokushaja zomphakathi zaqala ukunikeza izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone abashayeli be-EV ababengazisebenzisa esikhundleni samakhadi noma ama-key fobs-ukuthuthukiswa ngezindlela ezithile, kodwa inqubo yahlala ihlukene futhi ngezinye izikhathi ikhungathekisa.
“Kunzima—kufanele ulande uhlelo lokusebenza ukuze uqale ukushaja,” kusho u-Offerman.Nakuba lokhu kungase kusebenzele abanye abashayeli be-EV, “angifuni ukuhlela kusenesikhathi, ngazi ukuthi ngizokhokhisa kuphi futhi kanjani,” wengeza.
Imithetho kahulumeni iya ngokuya iphoqa amanethiwekhi wokushaja ukuthi alahle lezi zindlela zobunikazi futhi amukele amakhadi esikweletu nawedebithi.Kodwa ukuguqula amagalaji kaphethiloli ukuthi amukele lezi zindlela zokukhokha kuza nezinselelo zakho.
信用卡和借记卡读卡器â�<“它們可能很笨重，可能会遭受大量磨损，并且可能需要频市繁火，胜过给绕红共政策高级副总裁Sara Rafalson 说. <“它們可能很笨重，可能会遭受大量磨损，并且可能需要频繁维护，”EVgo 市场开发和道远公共攀说.Abafundi bekhadi lesikweletu neledebhithi “Zingaba zikhulu, ziguge kakhulu, futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa njalo,” kusho u-Sarah Rafalson, iphini likamongameli omkhulu wezokuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe kanye nenqubomgomo yomphakathi kwa-EVgo.Imithetho ye-NEVI nezinye izinhlelo ezixhaswe yinhlangano idinga ukuthi iziteshi zamukele amakhadi esikweletu nawedebithi, kodwa kuphela ngohlelo lokukhokha ngaphandle kokuthinta olumelana nokuphazamiseka kunokuswayipha noma ukufaka ubuchwepheshe.
I-grail engcwele yezinkokhelo yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ipulaki neshaja" umsebenzi: inkokhelo yokushaja ngokushintshaniswa kwedatha okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwemoto kagesi nenkundla yokushaja.Lokhu kuzovumela abashayeli ukuthi bamane baxhume futhi baqale ukushaja, kuqede isidingo sezintambo zokhiye ze-RFID, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-smartphone, amakhadi esikweletu noma ezinye izindlela zokukhokha ezikhona.
Namuhla, i-Tesla Supercharger isekela lesi sici—umsebenzi olula wenkampani enobudlelwano obukhona nabo bonke abanikazi be-EV futhi ehlanganise ngokuqondile nobuchwepheshe bayo bezimoto neshaja.Kodwa uJonathan Levy, umqondisi ophethe we-Kaluza ezinze e-US, umhlinzeki wase-UK we-software yokushaja kanye nokuphathwa kwamandla ezimotweni zikagesi, kanye nowayeyisikhulu sezohwebo kwa-EVgo, uthe kusekude ukuhanjwa ukuze kuzuzwe amazinga okuxhuma nokudlala. .
Izimoto zikagesi zikaTesla sezivele zisekela ukuxhumana nokushaja, kodwa ezinye izinkampani embonini zisaqala ukusebenzisa lesi sici ngendinganiso ebizwa nge-ISO 15118. Amaphrojekthi axhaswe yi-NEVI kufanele abe nemishini ehlangabezana nezinga le-ISO 15118, “kodwa abakasho ukuthi. idinga ukuqaliswa ngokushesha,” usho kanje.
与此同时，美国主要的电动汽车公共充电网络已经建立â�<“漫游协话”，允管成一东话手机应用程序在另一家公司拥有的充电站上付款. <“漫游协言”，允许一个网络的用一家公司拥有的充电站上付款。Khonamanjalo, amanethiwekhi amakhulu akahulumeni okushaja izimoto zikagesi e-US angenele “izivumelwano zokuzulazula” ezivumela abasebenzisi benethiwekhi eyodwa ukuthi bakhokhe ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zama-smartphone eziteshini zokushaja ezingeyenye inkampani.Nokho, lezi zivumelwano zokuzulazula azisebenzi kubo bonke abahlinzeki beprimiyamu.Abayilungisi futhi inkinga yokungatholakali kahle kwamaselula ezindaweni ezifana nezindawo zokupaka izimoto.
Izimfuneko ze-NEVI nezinye izinhlelo zikahulumeni ziyakulungisa lokhu.Ngo-2025, wonke amashaja axhaswe uhulumeni kufanele athobele inguqulo yakamuva ye-Open Charge Point Interface Roaming Agreement, eqinisekisa ukuthi noma yimuphi umshayeli angasebenzisa noma iyiphi ishaja ngohlelo lokusebenza olulodwa.
UBhaskar Deol, oyisikhulu esiphezulu kwa-eDRV, uthe isimo sase-Europe sihluke kakhulu.I-eDRV iwukuqala kwesofthiwe ethuthukisa i-application programming interfaces (ama-API) eziteshini zokushaja emazweni amaningi.Sekuyiminyaka, i-EU ne-UK zinemithetho "edinga izinga elithile lokubeka izinto obala mayelana namanani, ukuthengiselana nokutholakala", esho.
“Ngahamba ngisuka eNetherlands ngaya eningizimu yeYurophu, ngidabula amazwe ayisithupha, lapho nganginezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningana—hhayi inqwaba, kodwa eyodwa noma ezimbili—ezazingisiza endleleni, ngaphandle kwalezo zindaba ezisabekayo,” esho.Abashayeli bezimoto bavame ukuzwa.
U-Myers ka-CharIN naye ukholelwa ukuthi i-Europe yenze inqubekelaphambili eyengeziwe ekusebenzisaneni.一个重要原因是â�<“由于更积极的激励措施和充电基础设施资金，欧盟的电气化叴发生。一个重要原因是â�<“由于更积极的激励措施和充电基础设施资金，欧盟的电气化叴发生。Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi "ukufakwa kukagesi kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwe-EU ngenxa yezikhuthazo ezinolaka nokuxhaswa ngezimali zokushaja ingqalasizinda."
“Mkhulu umthelela walokhu.ENorway, cishe u-100% wezimoto ezintsha ezithengiswayo izimoto zikagesi,” kusho yena. â�<“這主要是由于政府政策。 â�<“這主要是由于政府政策。“Lokhu kudalwa kakhulu yimigomo kahulumeni.Yilapho sithatha khona indlela yokuvala izandla.I-NEVI yinhle kakhulu, kodwa ukube sasikwenzile eminyakeni embalwa edlule ngabe yenze umehluko omkhulu.“
Ubuholi base-Europe buphinde bunikeze imboni yokushaja izimoto zikagesi isikhathi esengeziwe sokubhekana nezinkinga zokuxilonga nokulungisa ezikhungethe ukuthunyelwa kweshaja e-US, lapho "idatha ingaqondakali khona" mayelana nezimbangela zokwehluleka kweshaja nokwehluleka, kusho yena.
Emzamweni wokubumba kabusha imakethe yase-US ngokuhambisana nemboni yaseYurophu evuthiwe, i-CharIN isingatha imicimbi eminingana yokuhlola yaminyaka yonke ehilela inqwaba yabakhi bezimoto kanye nabakhiqizi beshaja be-EV.Umgomo, uthe, ukukhuphula ngokushesha inqubo yokuzuza ukuhambisana kweqiniso phakathi kwezimoto zikagesi ezisanda kukhishwa kanye nemishini yokushaja.Ekugcineni, uthemba ukuthi ukushaja kuzofanelana njenge-Wi-Fi noma amanethiwekhi weselula. â�<“這需要一段时间才能实现，而且我們是一个新行业。” â�<“這需要一段时间才能实现，而且我們是一个新行业。”"Kuzothatha isikhathi futhi siyimboni entsha."
Ukuthi abenzi bezimoto nabashayeli be-EV bazimisele yini ukulinda omunye umbuzo.Isinyathelo sikaFord, iGeneral Motors kanye nabanye abakhiqizi bezimoto ukuthi basuke ezimisweni zokushaja ezihlanganisiwe baye kwizixhumi ezihambisana ne-NACS kumamodeli abo ezimoto zikagesi zesikhathi esizayo simele igxathu elibalulekile eliya phambili, kusho u-Andrew Krulewitz, oyi-CEO yenkampani eqashisa ngezimoto zikagesi, enqoba inkinga ekhona. .ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusekelwe kumazinga kanye namalungelo obunikazi.Ukuqala i-Zevvy.Ngamafuphi, uthe, abakhiqizi bezimoto, bakhathele ukuhambisana okungalungile, bafuna ukuphepha kubuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi bukaTesla.
"Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho yikho kanye okudingayo uma ushayela i-Tesla," esho. �<“[车内]的大屏幕会准确地告诉您要去哪里、有多少个摊位、需要多长时间- 只要将其只要将其。 �<“[车内]的大屏幕会准确地告诉您要去哪里、有多少个摊位、需要多长时间-只要将其只要将其。“Isikrini esikhulu [emotweni] sikubonisa kahle lapho uya khona, zingaki izitebele ezikhona, kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani—vele usixhume bese sisebenza.”
Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa ukushaja okuhlanganisiwe kodwa okuphathelene (kunokusekelwe kumazinga) kungaxazulula kanjani izinkinga eziningi.Ochwepheshe bemboni bayaqaphela ukuthi izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza nokwaneliseka kwenethiwekhi yeSupercharger yakwaTesla uma kuqhathaniswa namanethiwekhi eSupercharger asetshenziswa ezinye izinkampani kungenxa yokulawula kwenkampani kuzo zonke izici zokusebenza kwayo kanye nentshisekelo ebekiwe yokuqinisekisa ukuthi isebenza ngendlela efanele.Yenza okwenziwayo kube bushelelezi futhi kungabi nazinkathazo ngangokunokwenzeka kubathengi be-EV.
Isikhathi esisithathayo ukuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa izindinganiso emhlabeni wangempela singase siholele izinkampani zokushaja ukuthi zicabange ukuthi zingcono ekusebenziseni incwadi yokudlala ka-Tesla futhi zigcine ukulawula isitaki sobuchwepheshe ngangokunokwenzeka, kunokulinda intuthuko ehamba kancane.Ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwamazinga omhlaba ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-ecosystem yokushaja ye-EV engenamthungo.
Nakuba le ndlela ingase ilinge ngayo, noma iyiphi inkampani ehlela ukusizakala ngoxhaso olukhulu lukahulumeni oluthela ekushajweni kwezimoto zikagesi izoba nesikhathi esinzima ukuyizulazula.Imithetho ye-NEVI idinga ukuthi iziteshi zokushaja zomphakeli oyedwa zihambisane nenkundla yesofthiwe yomunye umphakeli - noma ukunika amandla ukudluliswa kwedatha yesistimu yokukhokha phakathi kwabahlinzeki, noma, esimweni esibi kakhulu, ukuvumela umphakeli oyedwa ukuthi athathe lokho omunye asevele enakho ebhizinisini iziteshi zokushaja ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kukagesi.
"Inselelo njengamanje ukusebenzisana kwenethiwekhi," kusho uCarter Lee, oyi-CEO ye-Swtch, umhlinzeki wesoftware yezimoto zikagesi eToronto, eCanada.Uma izinkampani ngazinye zingaqinisekisi ukuthi imizamo yazo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso, “lezi zindlela zokulungisa ngeke zisebenze.”
Ngamanye amazwi, izinkinga zokusebenzisana zingagwemeka ngisho noma izinkampani ezikhokhelwayo zinquma ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bazo obuhlanganisiwe buqonde ngaphandle kwe-ecosystem yamazinga obuchwepheshe athuthukayo.U-S44′s Offermann uthi lesi yisona sizathu esiyinhloko esenza ukuthi izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe bemakethe enkulu njenge-cloud computing kanye nezokuxhumana zehlule izixazululo zasekhaya.Kodwa-ke, ukuguquguquka okufanayo akukakabonwa embonini yokushaja izimoto zikagesi.
"Sekuyiminyaka engaba ngu-10 manje, sinenethiwekhi 'evaliwe' yokushaja ye-Tesla engabazuzisi abanye abashayeli," esho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-14-2024